Schematics Of A Caravel

mplayer

Since I began studying the incredible media suite open source mplayer / mencoder with this article begins a section where I describe and record my progress. In this first work describing a script that allows you to record from a composite

mencoder tv: / / / 2-tv driver = v4l2: input = 1: norm = pal: width = 480: height = 360: = yuy2 outfmt: device = / dev/video0: adevice = / dev / dsp: audiorate = 32000: forceaudio: forcechan = 1: buffersize = 80 -Ovc lavc-lavcopts threads = 3: vcodec = mpeg4: vbitrate = 1200: keyint = 30-oac mp3lame-lameopts br = 128: cbr: mode = 3: vol = 8-ffourcc divx-endpos 120-o VHS.avi

tv: / / / sets the input capture card, the value of 2 returns the input compound, at least for my card saa7134

driver = v4l2: input = 1: norm = pal: width = 480: height = 360: = yuy2 outfmt: device = / dev/video0: adevice = / dev / dsp: audiorate = 32000: forceaudio: forcechan = 1: buffersize = 80

-tv this option allows you to manage different properties of the capture card driver = v4l2

allows you to choose the driver input, in our case v4l2

input Specify input, default: 0 (TV), 1 stands for??

norm = pal European TV standards, the alternatives are PAL, SECAM, NTSC

width = 480: height = 360 sets the window size

outfmt = \u0026lt;value> Specify ' output of the tuner using a preset supported by the V4L driver (YV12, RGB32, RGB24, RGB16, rgb15, UYVY, YUY2, i420)

device = / dev/video0 specific video device

adevice = / dev / dsp select the audio device, although according to the formula mplayer manpage / dev / xxx should be used with OSS in my experience it works very well

forceaudio Capture audio although it is not revealed no audio from v4l device (maybe this works fine for the 'option above).

Forcechan = 1 This option allows forcing stereo or mono recordings (respectively the values \u200b\u200b1 and 2)

buffersize = 80 maximum buffer size in megabytes (default = dynamic)

audiorate = 32000 sect audio capture bitrate of 32000

-Ovc lavc-lavcopts threads = 3: vcodec = mpeg4: vbitrate = 1200: = 30 keyint

- ovc lavc (-lavcopts) video encoding using libavcodec library

threads = 3 sect the maximum number of "threads" to use the default value is 1 (1-8) might have a slight negative effect on the motion valazione

vcodec = mpeg4 indicate the specific codec to use, the option The default is mpeg4, codec used here is different

asv1 (ASUS Video v1), asv2 (ASUS Video v2), dvvideo (Sony Digital Video), ffv1 (FFmpeg’s lossless video codec), ffvhuff (nonstandard 20% smaller HuffYUV using YV12), flv (Sorenson H.263 used in Flash Video ), h261 (H.261), h263 (H.263), h263p (H.263+), huffyuv (HuffYUV), libtheora (Theora) libx264 (x264 H.264/AVC MPEG-4 Part 10), libxvid (Xvid MPEG-4 Part 2 (ASP)), ljpeg (Lossless JPEG), mjpeg (Motion JPEG), mpeg1video (MPEG-1 video), mpeg2video (MPEG-2 video), mpeg4 (MPEG-4 (DivX 4/5)), msmpeg4 (DivX 3), msmpeg4v2 (MS MPEG4v2), roqvideo (ID Software RoQ Video), rv10 (an old RealVideo codec), snow (also see: vstrict) (FFmpeg’s experimental wavelet-based codec), svq1 (Apple Sorenson Video 1), wmv1 (Windows Media Video, version 1 (AKA WMV7)), wmv2 (Windows Media Video, version 2 (AKA WMV8))

vbitrate = 1200 sets the bitrate to 1200 kbit

keyint = 30 sect maximum interval between IDR-frames (default = 250). Larger values \u200b\u200bsave bits so that improve the quality of the cost of precision research

-oac mp3lame-lameopts br = 128: cbr: mode = 3: vol = 8

-oac mp3lame encoding to mp3 using the lame library

-lameopts option is to set the blades

-br=128:cbr nel modalità CBR indica il bitrate/s in kbps, mentre nella modalità VBR indica il valore minimo per frame i valori permessi sono <32-384> per cbr e >112 per VBR.

mode=3 setta la modalità audio come mono, (mode=<0−3>, 0 stereo, 1 joint-stereo, 2 dualchannel, 3 mono)

vol=8 audio input gain range, vol=<0−10>

-ffourcc divx puo essere utilizzata per sovrascrivere il video fourcc del file output

-endpos 120 end of the record after 120 seconds,

-o VHS.avi saves everything in the file -0 VHS.avi

Very

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export MAPAG

often when you browse MAPAG bodied complex programs such as mplayer / mencoder feels the need to export to more manageable, perhaps even suitable for printing as PDF. This is actually very simple just run the following commands from shell

man mplayer-t> mplayer.ps

ps2pdf mplayer2.ps mplayer2.pdf

Can You Fix Bubble Lights

Casini: "A united front against Berlusconi. Purposes? There will be no surprises. " And the New Democratic Party appreciates

Pier Ferdinando Casini

throws down the gauntlet to Silvio Berlusconi: If the prime minister chose to go to early voting, it might be before a single deployment of the opposition in defense of democracy.

"If Berlusconi plans to transform the Italian democracy into a monarchy, attacking Napolitano and consultation responses will be hard, clear, unambiguous, and there are no surprises," said the leader of the UDC on the sidelines of the Christian Movement workers being held in Rome.

Officially, the call to join forces is aimed at PD and IDV, but inevitably the thoughts go also to Gianfranco Fini after fierce controversy in recent times with the President Council. "I hope this game does not play and that Berlusconi will resolve the problems of the country, but if you plan to use the issue for judicial transform our democracy, will have some surprises," said Casini cryptic to a question about the possible involvement of Fini the grid.

For his part, Speaker of the House did not want to enter into the matter, but declined to dig a new controversy to Berlusconi. "I think it's fair when it is Italy or abroad in an international forum, however, refrain from any comments regarding Italian politics," he said from Stockholm.

Many comments on the trial balloon launched by Casini. "I do not believe it, I do not give in Casini all'antiberlusconismo of manner", said Minister of Defense Ignazio La Russa. For Capezzone, spokesman for the PDL, the former chairman of the House is "a sort puzzling and serious." He sees no room for maneuver Claudio Scajola, "There is a solid government that goes on and that the majority of Italians," he assured the Minister for Economic Development.

And from the front of the left come the first openings. "We agree to a camp that brings together all the forces against Berlusconi but only if you face an electoral law that put the country in proportion," said Paolo Ferrero.

Afternoon Bersani Franceschini and have commented positively on the words of Casini.

December 12, 2009

Finally the PD says something serious, obvious that we need to redo the election law. If FACESSE maybe even something serious, it would be better. Casini is good that I finally distanced itself from Berlusconi, then just do not do his usual "get on the bandwagon" ...

Diagrama Estereo Ford

For nearly two years with the Pulsar , develop projects for indoor and outdoor lamps, whose light source is 100% LED. Following you can see some of the products result of this work, some of them were selected and awarded in several design competitions and widely followed by the trade press as you can see from the press review . After the images a bit of history and explanations relating to LED technology and to their characteristics.
Catalogue Lamps 2009 Led Pulsar
















































LEDs
A Light-Emitting Diode ( LED) light source is a semiconductor. LEDs are used as indicator lights in many devices, and are increasingly used for lighting. Introduced in 1962 as an electronic component, the first LEDs were low-intensity red light, but modern versions are available in the entire visible wavelength, ultraviolet and infrared, with a very high brightness.

LED based on semiconductor diode. When a diode is forward biased (turned on), the electrons are able to recombine with holes within the device, releasing energy in the form of photons. This effect is called electroluminescence and color of light (corresponding to the photon energy) is determined by the energy gap of the semiconductor. An LED is usually small (less than 1 mm2).

LEDs have many advantages over incandescent light sources, including lower energy consumption, longer life, improved robustness, small size, faster switching, and a longer life and expectations. However, they are relatively expensive and require more precise current and thermal management compared to traditional light sources. Current LED products for general lighting, they are more expensive to buy fluorescent light sources of comparable production.
They are also used in various applications as substitutes for traditional light sources in the automobile sector (especially indicators) and on road signs.
After the introduction of new models to its highest potential, the LEDs have begun to invade other areas, such as lamps, home office and street lighting, especially with solar lanterns.

A bit of history
Electroluminescence was discovered in 1907 by the British experimenter HJ Round of Marconi Labs, using a crystal of silicon carbide and Russian Oleg Vladimirovich Losev that reported on the creation of an LED in 1927. His research has been distributed in Russian, German and English scientific journals, but has not been made practical use of the discovery for several decades. Rubin Braunstein of the Radio Corporation of America reported on infrared radiation from gallium arsenide (GaAs) and other semiconductor alloys in 1955. Braunstein observed infrared radiation generated by simple diode structures using gallium Antimoniuro (gasba), GaAs, indium phosphide (InP), and silicon-germanium (SiGe) alloys at room temperature and 77 kelvin.
In 1961, investigators Robert Biard and Gary Pittman working at Texas Instruments, found that GaAs emitting infrared radiation when electric current was applied and received a patent for the infrared LED.

The first practical visible-spectrum (red) LED was developed in 1962 by Nick Holonyak Jr., while working at General Electric Company. Holonyak is seen as the "Father of Light-Emitting Diode." M. George Craford, a former graduate student Holonyak, invented the first yellow LED and improved the brightness of red and orange-red LED by a factor of ten in 1972.
In 1976, TP Pearsall created the first high brightness and high efficiency LEDs for fiber-optic telecommunications with the application of new semiconductor materials specially adapted to the wavelength of optical fiber transmission.

Until 1968 LEDs visible and have been extremely costly, in the order of $ 200 per unit, and so had little practical application. The Monsanto Company was the first organization to produce visible LEDs in series, using gallium arsenide phosphide in 1968 for the production of red LEDs suitable for indicators. Hewlett Packard (HP) has introduced the LED in 1968, initially with GaAsP provided by Monsanto, the technology proved to have the potential for alphanumeric displays and was built by HP in the first electronic calculators. Durability and reliability


solid state devices, such as LEDs are wearing very little if operated at low currents and low temperatures. Many of the LED produced in the years 1970 and 1980 are still in service today. Lives reported are typical 25,000 to 100,000 hours, but the heat and current settings can extend or reduce this time significantly.

The most common symptom of damage to the LED is to reduce the production of light and progressive loss of efficiency. With the development of high-power LED devices are subjected to temperatures high compared to traditional devices. This causes stress on the material and can cause premature degradation of the emission of light. To quantitatively classify the life of an LED in a standardized way has been suggested to use the terms L75 and L50, which is the time it takes for a given LED up to 75% and 50% light output, respectively, L50 is equivalent to half life of the LED.


high-power LED
A high-power LEDs (HPLED) can be activated by currents of hundreds of mA to more than one amp, compared to tens of mA for normal LEDs. Since overheating is destructive, HPLEDs must be mounted on a heat sink to dissipate heat. If the heat from a HPLED is not removed, the device will burn in seconds. A single HPLED can often replace an incandescent bulb in a flashlight, or used in an array to form a powerful LED lamp.